英语翻译M as a bridge between difficult educational progra

英语翻译
M as a bridge between difficult educational programs on
one side and students who need considerable motivation on the
other.These technologies are welcome additions both to the
classic educational process and for autonomous asynchronous
study.They can incorporate dynamic displays,interactivity,
online calculations,audio,and video.All these attributes can
have a stimulating effect on students [4],[5].At the same time,
thoughtfully prepared content can represent a stepping-stone
for further research by students and for their study of supple-
mentary literature.
In engineering,a basic element of explanation is a good
technical sketch.In addition,technical writings often include
equations,special notations,and graphs.Today,web-based
technologies efficiently support these elements.In comparison
with traditional printed books,web-based technologies offer
the advantage of allowing individual parts of technical sketches
to appear gradually on the screen through animation,synchro-
nized with,for example,corresponding steps in the derivation
of equations.Furthermore,navigational and dynamic elements
can provide interactivity.For example,mathematical tools with
web support can be integrated into the web-based learning
environment so that students can see the results of changing the
values of parameters in calculations and graphs.
Using such web-based educational environments,students
can gain better insight into the usually demanding and often
difficult-to-imagine role and meaning of theory in a particular
discipline.Moreover,students can access a vast spectrum of
practical examples that preview even more complex structural
problems with which they will have to cope during further
study,engineering practice,and research.The web-based
system also can support pre-laboratory learning.Offering
guided step-by-step instructions through assignments enables
students to learn the concept of problem solving so that later
they can come to appropriate solutions by themselves.
In previous work,authors have developed and implemented
proprietary classical [6]–[11] or web-based [12]–[17] applica-
tions tightly related to a specific course.Work by Fisher and
Michielssen,for example,incorporates some of the engineering
learning content elements in a web-based simulation environ-
ment built with the Mathematica gateway [15].In this system,
the Mathematica kernel is accessed through a web-based
graphical user interface by using scripts based on the Common
Gateway Interface (CGI).This system provides interactive
computational and visualization capabilities,but does not
address the presentation of other necessary elements,such as
interactive equations,technical sketches,and animations.Also,
the users of the system need some knowledge of Mathematica.