英语apart from;except;except for;but;besides;in addition to有什么

①．besides除……以外（还包括）,例如：Who else heard of it besides you?除了你外还有谁听说过此事.Besides English,they also study math,physics and chemistry.除了英语以外,他们还学习数学,物理和化学.②．except除……以外（不包括）,常与all,every,no,none,nothing 等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词连用.例如：He answered all the questions except the last one.除了最后一个问题外,所有的问题他都回答了.I went nowhere except to the library.除了图书馆以外,我哪儿都没有去.I looked everywhere except here.除了这里外,我找遍了所有地方.③.apart from除 …之外,根据上、下文的不同,它既可用作 besides,也可用作 except 和 except for.例如:Apart from them,I had no one to talk to.（= except） 除了他们以外,我没有人说话.Apart from other considerations,time is also a factor.(=besides） 除了别的考虑之外,时间也是一个因素.(It is) Good work apart from a few slight faults.(= except for） 除了几个小毛病以外,这是一篇佳作.④.in addition (to) 相当于besides.除……以外（还包括）,加之.例如：He lost his job and in addition to that his wife left him.除了妻子离他而去外,他还失去了工作⑤.except for除 … 以外,和 except 不同的是:与 except 连用的整体词常常是同类的,是指整体除去一部份; 而与 except for 连用的词往往不是同类的,是指整体中除去 一个细节.它的宾语与前述对象完全是两回事.例如:Your composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.除了几处拼写错误以外,你的作文写得很好.Except for an old lady,the bus was empty.除了有一个老太太以外,这辆公共汽车是空的.The room was very cold and,except for Jack,entirely empty.这个房间很阴冷,而且除了杰克,完全是空荡荡的.⑥.except that后面跟从句,例如:He has always been in good health except that he has had a slight headache in the past few days.除了在过去几天里有些头痛之外,他身体一直很好.⑦.but：常可与 except互换,强调“不在其中”.例如：Everyone attended the meeting but Mary.大家都出席了这次会议,但玛丽不在其列