____he was ill.I was expected to take his plane greatly surp

这里的plane是不是打错了?应该是place吧,take one's place 取代某人的职位.
我帮你把句子结构理一下：
That (if he was ill I was expected to take his plane) greatly surprised me (for I didn't have much work experience)
that后面接的if he was ill I was expected to take his plane这句话是个整体,因为这个整体要做主语,而单单一个句子是不能放在首位作主语的,所以加上that来引导这句话,greatly surprised 是that后从句的谓语,后面(for I didn't have much work experience)是greatly surprised me的原因,for引导的表示原因.
翻译：如果他病了那么我有望取代他的位子,这让我很吃惊,因为我并没有多少工作经验.
surprised 是谓语,surprise sb 令某人吃惊的用法.

刚才那题 I believe not的还行吧…我再解释下这个吧！
B 的是没有这个说法的，翻译出来就能明白了：如果那个他病了…这样就别扭了…
D：翻译成那如果他病了…
按照上下文很明显选D…

嗯，你捋顺一下句子的顺序就行啦。
That great surprised me for I didn't have much work experience.是主句。
If he was ill,I was expected to take his plane是定语从句，修饰主语that的呀。
应该没问题了吧！

D. suprise 是剧中的谓语。 for 接的是原因状语。