BBC口语教学：怎样用英语向别人发出邀请（非正式）

My name’s William Kremer and over the next three weeks, I’m going to be telling you how to invite people to do things and say yes or no to other people’s invitations. And today we’re looking at informal invitations, and in particular, how to ask someone whether he or she would like to go for a pint. 我是William Kremer,接下来的三个星期,我会教大家怎样(用英语)向别人发出邀请以及在收到邀请后怎样拒绝或是接受. 今天我们将学习非正式的邀请,特别是开口问某人是否愿意跟你go for a pint. If you live in the UK, or have ever been to the UK, then you must know what I mean by ‘a pint’. I mean, a glass of beer, usually served in a pub: a pint of beer. We also often say ‘a drink’ to mean an alcoholic drink such as beer. 假如你住在英国或者是曾经到过英国,那你一定知道我所说的‘a pint’是什么意思. ‘a pint’是一杯啤酒,酒吧通常有售：一品脱啤酒. 我们也会称之为“a drink”,指的是酒类,如啤酒. So, let’s imagine that it’s five o’clock on a Friday and you’ve had a hard week and it’s time for a pint. What’s a good way of asking other people if they’d like a drink too? Well, in the next clip, Diarmuid is going to invite Catherine out for a pint. 那让我们来假设一下,现在是周五下午五点,辛苦了一个礼拜,应该是去喝一杯的时候啦. 询问别人是否也想去喝一杯的最好方式是什么呢? 嗯,在接下来的录音中,Diarmuid 就在邀请Catherine 去喝一杯. See if you can hear what words Diarmuid uses to do this. 看看你能不能听出来Diarmuid都用了哪些表达. Diarmuid: Catherine, I’m just going for a drink after work this evening - do you fancy a pint? 今晚下班后我想去喝酒,想要来一杯吗? Catherine: Ooh, I’d love one. 哦,想呢! William: Diarmuid asks, ‘Do you fancy a pint?’ Diarmuid 问：‘Do you fancy a pint?’ In British English, if you ‘fancy’ something, it means that right now you want to have it. 在英国英语中,假如你fancy某东西,也就是说,此刻你就想得到那种东西. For example, ‘I fancy an ice cream’, ‘I fancy a hamburger’ 例如,“我想吃冰淇淋；我想吃汉堡”. Diarmuid: Catherine, I’m just going for a drink after work this evening - do you fancy a pint? 同. Catherine: Ooh, I’d love one. 重复. William: Catherine says that she’d love a pint, so she’s agreeing to go for a drink with Diarmuid. Catherine 说,她想喝一杯,也就是说她答应与Diarmuid一起去喝酒. Now let’s hear another way of inviting someone out for a pint: 现在来听一下另外一种邀请某人去喝酒的方式. Diarmuid: Are you up for a pint after work Catherine? Catherine,下班后打算去喝一杯吗? William: Diarmuid asked Catherine if she was ‘up for a pint’. Diarmuid在问Catherine她是否‘up for a pint". Diarmuid: Are you up for a pint after work Catherine? 同. William: If someone is up for something, it often means that he or she would like to do something or try something. This is a common expression in spoken English. 假如某个人up for something（打算做某事）,实际是在说他/她想做某事. 这是英语口语中较常见的表达. Diarmuid: Are you up for a pint after work Catherine? 同. William: OK, let’s look at a third way of inviting someone out for a pint. 好了,来看看第三种邀请别人外出喝酒的方式： Diarmuid: Do you feel like a pint, Catherine? Catherine,想喝一杯吗? William: In this situation, if you feel like something, you fancy it. And so the question for Diarmuid is, ‘Do you feel like a pint?’ 这里,假如你feel like某事/某物,即,你想要做某事或得到某物. Diarmuid需要回答的问题是：‘Do you feel like a pint?’——你想去喝一杯吗? Diarmuid: Do you feel like a pint, Catherine? 同. William: Now, see if you can hear a difference between the following sentences: 现在来看一下你能否听出以下句子的异同. Diarmuid: Do you feel like a pint, Catherine? 你想来喝一杯吗,Catherine? Diarmuid: Do you feel like going for a pint, Catherine? Catherine,想去喝酒吗? William: Well, the second sentence features a gerund - ‘going’. We can use gerunds to talk about activities instead of objects. The activity we’re talking about here is going for a pint. Listen again. 嗯,第二个句子里面出现了动名词going. 我们用动名词来表示做某事而不是特指某物. 这里说的事情是去喝酒. 再来听一次： Diarmuid: Do you feel like going for a pint, Catherine? Catherine,你想去酒吗? William: In this situation, Diarmuid can choose whether to talk about the pint itself - ‘Do you feel like a pint’ - or the activity of going for a pint - ‘Do you feel like going for a pint?’ 在这里,Diarmuid可以选择特指酒本身（‘Do you feel like a pint’）也可以指去喝酒这件事“Do you feel like going for a pint?” But, sometimes we don’t have a choice. 但有的时候,我们没有选择的余地. For example, we can’t say ‘Do you feel like a museum?’ because you can’t buy a museum! So we would have to say ‘Do you feel like going to a museum with me?’ There are also gerund forms for the other questions we’ve heard: 比如,我们不可以说“你想要一个博物馆吗?或是你不能买一个博物馆!” 正确的表达应该是“你想跟我去博物馆?” 我们听到的另外一个问句中也出现了动名词： Diarmuid: Do you fancy going for a pint, Catherine? Diarmuid: Are you up for going for a pint, Catherine? 同. 重复. William: Now sometimes, in very informal situations like this, you don’t even have to ask a question in order to invite people to do something. What do I mean? 有时候,在像这样的正式场合中,邀请别人的时候,你甚至什么都不用问. 什么意思呢? Well, listen to the following conversation. Diarmuid has just finished working… 呵,来听以下的对话. Diarmuid刚刚做完手头的事情. Diarmuid: Right, that’s me finished! I think I might go down the bar for a pint… 啊,我搞定了. 我也许会去酒吧喝一杯. Catherine: I’m up for that! 我正打算去! William: Diarmuid tells everyone that he’s going to the bar. He hasn’t asked them if they want to come, but it’s clear that they can come if they want. And, as it happens, Catherine is up for it. Diarmuid告诉大家他要去酒吧. 他并没有问是否有人也要去,但是很明显,想去的自然会有所反应. 果不其然, Catherine也正想着要去. Diarmuid: Right, that’s me finished! I think I might go down the bar for a pint… 同. 重复. Catherine: I’m up for that! 同. William: Now, a quick word about accepting invitations. At the start of the programme, we heard Catherine say yes like this: 现在,来快速地提一下怎样接受邀请. 在节目一开始,我们听见了 Catherine说了像这样的话： Catherine: Ooh, I’d love one. 哦,想来一杯! William: But if Catherine’s being asked to do an activity, the response is slightly different: 但是如果是 Catherine被邀请去做某事呢?反应可能会稍微有点不同. Diarmuid: Do you fancy going for a pint, Catherine? Catherine,想去喝一杯吗? Catherine: Ooh I’d love to, what time? 哦,想去!什么时候? William: If we’re talking about activities, we should say ‘I’d love to’ not ‘I’d love one’. There are lots of other ways of accepting invitations. 如果说的是某种活动/事情,我们应该用用的表达是：‘I’d love to’而不是‘I’d love one’. 接受邀请的表达还有很多. She could say something like: Catherine: That’d be fun. 她可以这样回应： 会挺有趣的! William: Or she could say: 或者是： Catherine: That sounds lovely. 听起来好极了! William: Or she could just say: 或者她也可以说： Catherine: OK, cool. 好哇!棒极了! William: Now if you’ve been listening to this programme and you’ve been thinking, ‘But I don’t like beer!’ well, we’re going to be looking at the more complicated business of saying ‘no’ to invitations in a separate programme. But, for today that’s me finished. I think I might go down the bar for a pint…. 如果你一直在收听本节目并且你琢磨着不喜欢啤酒的话该怎么应对,嗯,我们会在另一期节目中介绍更为复杂的拒绝邀请的表达. 但是,今天我就不再多说啦/到此为止.