英语翻译① Arousal Theory - Zajonc suggests the mere presence of

英语翻译
① Arousal Theory - Zajonc suggests the mere presence of other puts us into a state of physiological arousal ,which always energises behaviour - whether it be correct (easy task) or incorrect (difficult task) behaviour .
② bell and yee found skilled karate kickers performed well when tested in front of an expert audience and on their own ,whereas unskilled karate kickers performed significantly fewer kicks in front of the audience .
③Michaels et al found good pool players showed an increase in shot accuracy by 9%,whereas poor players showed a decrease of 11% when watched by an audience .
④
Evaluation apprehension theory - individuals feel they are under evaluation whenever they are with others ,which may motivate them to compete or make them become sele-conscious and anxious .
⑤
Distraction conflict theory - Baron suggests performance is affected by attentional conflict beteeen the task and others .Well known/simple tasks ,being more automatic ,require less attention and so will be less distracted by the presence of others ,whereas difficult tasks require more attention ,so are more open to disruption .