英语中的表语和定语是什么意思?表语从句、定语从句是怎样的?

表语（predicative):表语是用来说明主语的身份、特征和状态的,它的位置在系动词（be,become,look,seem等）之后.说明主语的状态、性质、等.可为形容词、副词、名词、代词、不定式、分词.当联系动词不是be,而其后是名词和代词时,多表达‘转变为’之意,注意与动宾关系的区别.
感官动词多可用作联系动词：look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好,smell bad/难闻
例：Tom is a boy.(Tom是个男孩）/主语为Tom,系词为be动词的第三人称单数is,表语为a boy
>> There be 结构：
There be 表示‘存在有’.这里的there没有实际意义,不可与副词‘there那里’混淆.
此结构后跟名词,表示‘（存在）有某事物’
试比较：There is a boy there.（那儿有一个男孩.）/前一个there无实意,后一个there为副词‘那里’.
定语（attribute):修饰名词、代词、短语或从句的词,称为定语.单词作定语时,通常放在它所修饰的名词之前,如果它修饰的名词带有冠词,就放在冠词和名词之间.修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时,（如：something、nothing）；或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时,则定语通常置后.副词用作定语时须放在名词之后.
形容词作定语：
The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy；blue修饰名词pen.）/小男孩需要一支兰色的钢笔.
Tom is a handsome boy./Tom是个英俊的男孩.
There is a good boy./有个乖男孩.
数词作定语相当于形容词：
Two boys need two pens./两个男孩需要两支钢笔.
The two boys are students./这两个男孩是学生.
There are two boys in the room./房间里有两个男孩.
代词或名词所有格作定语：
His boy needs Tom's pen./他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔.
His name is Tom./他的名字是汤姆.
There are two boys of Toms there./那儿有Tom家的两个男孩.
介词短语作定语：
The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours./教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔.
The boy in blue is Tom./穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆.
There are two boys of 9,and three of 10./有两个9岁的,三个10岁的男孩.
名词作定语：
The boy needs a ball pen./男孩需要一支圆珠笔.
It is a ball pen./这是一支圆珠笔.
There is only one ball pen in the pencil box./这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔.
副词作定语：
The boy there needs a pen./那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔.
The best boy here is Tom./这里最棒的男孩是Tom.
不定式作定语：
The boy to write this letter needs a pen./写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔.
The boy to write this letter is Tom./将要写这封信的男孩是汤姆.
There is nothing to do today./今天无事要做.
分词（短语）作定语：
The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother./那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔.
The pen bought by her is made in China./她买的笔是中国产的.
There are five boys left./有五个留下的男孩.
定语从句：
The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday./那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔.
The boy you will know is Tom./你将认识的男孩叫汤姆.
There are five boys who will play the game./参加游戏的男孩有五个.

表语是一般跟在be动词后的，定语相当于形容词。
表语从句：先行词在be动词后。
定语从句：整个从句是用来修饰前面某一个名词

标语从句是指原系表结构中的be动词后的表语用从句（即what，where等词引导的clause）eg: Hubei is where I once lived.
That is why we are late.
定语从句是指修饰名词的定语用从句的形式来表达，一般在名词后。
eg：He is a bad guy, who often plays ...

1。表语是用来表示主语的身份特征或状态的句子成分。通常是：
主+系动词（有人称和数的变化）+表。
2。定语是用来修饰名词的句子成分。
3.（1）壮语是表示人物所在的地点，例如，We will meet at the hospital."at the hospital",便是地点壮语
（2）表示事件发生的时间，例如
We will meet at the h...