语法问题Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which

语法问题
Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. In the pioneering days, however, this was not the case at all. The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top, because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it and never been attained before. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner with would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement.
这是新概念4 的第三课 里面有几点不明白
1:the early climbers were looking for 为什么用looking
2：because the summit was the prize they sought 为什么 用sought
3：especially if it had never been attained 为什么用 it had
4：equipped in the manner which would make 为什么用 make 原型
希望得到 细致的讲解 谢谢哥哥姐姐们