英语翻译Subjects and Methods Twenty patients who were treated fo

英语翻译
Subjects and Methods
Twenty patients who were treated for breast cancer
and subsequently developed lymphedema had
measurements recorded prior to surgery and
again after clinical confirmation of the condition.
All volunteers gave full,written,informed consent
and the research project was conducted with
the approval of the Human Research Ethics
Committee of the Queensland University of
Technology.
Limb Volume Measurement
Total limb volume was determined by the established
procedure using the measured circumference
at fixed intervals along the limb.The accuracy
and validity of this procedure has been reported
as being equivalent to that of water displacement
techniques.15 Circumferential measurements
of the limb using a tape measure were
recorded at 10-cm intervals from the pisiform
prominence of the wrist up to a total distance of
40 cm.Volumes of each 10-cm
limb were calculated
segment of the
using the average of two cirassuming
a simple cumferential measures and
cylindrical geometry.Total limb volume was calculated
as the sum of the volumes of the four individual
segments.
Total limb volume was calculated from the
circumferential measurements for each individual,
and the ratio of the limb volumes recorded.
Bioimpedance Measurement
Impedance measurements of each limb were
recorded after a short period of rest using a multiple
frequency bioimpedance meter (SFB3 bioimpedance
monitor manufactured by SEAC,
Brisbane,Australia) with the subject lying supine,
arms outstretched and slightly abducted from the
body with the palms facing down.Two 抦easurement?
electrodes were placed at either end of the
40 cm length over which the circumference measurements
were made and 抎rive?electrodes were
placed 8 to 10 cm distal to the measurement electrodes.
These electrode sites were chosen in
preference to the standard shoulder to wrist
sites,&dquo; so that direct comparisons could be made
between the volumes measured by the circumference
method and by the MFBIA technique.The
44
software supplied by the manufacturer was used
to determine the resistance of the limbs at zero
frequency and at infinite frequency.14 The resistance
of the intracellular fluid (Ri) was calculated
as the parallel difference between the total resistance
(at infinite frequency) and the resistance of
the extracellular fluid (Ro,the resistance at zero
frequency) 16 The volume of fluid measured is
given by:
where p = resistivity of the fluid; 1 = length of
segment; and R = measured resistance.
Given the length is constant for the ECW and
ICW measurements of the same
of ECW/ICW is then:
Assuming that the resistivities of the extracellular
and intracellular fluids are
stant,17,18 the ratio of the resistances can be used
as an accurate 抜ndex?of the ratio of the fluid com-
Dartments.Hence