动词ing表因果举几个例子,详细说明一下表因果的情况,顺便把其他几种比如表递进和什么什么的举个例子区别一下,对不起，主要

动词ing表因果关系的可以根据前因后果的逻辑性判断出来.
表示原因:
表示原因的动词-ing形式一般置于句首,相当于一个原因状语从句.
Being ill,he could not walk any further.因为疲倦,他不能再往前走了.
Not knowing her address,I can’t write to her.因为不知道她的地址,我无法给她写信
表示结果:
动词-ing形式作状语表示一种必然的结果,可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句.
The fire lasted nearly a month,leaving nothing valuable.大火持续了近一个月,所以几乎没剩下什么值钱的东西.
=The fire lasted nearly a month,and left nothing valuable.
动词ing也能表示目的
Aiming at the purpose of high quality,we kept working hard in better design.(目的是“ aim at the high quality”)为了能有高质量,我们在更好的设计上一直努力着
Encouraging the students to staudy hard,the school took measures and reward treatment for good students.(目的是“encourage the students to staudy hard”)为了鼓励学生认真学习,学校实行了对好学生进行奖励的措施
表让步
Knowing all this,they made me pay for the damage.=Although they knew all this,they made me pay for the damage.尽管知道了一切情况,他们还是要我赔偿损失.
表示方式、伴随或补充说明：动词ing形式表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明
I stood by the door,not daring to say a word（逗号后是对我站在门旁的补充,说明我当时不敢说一句话的状况）.
表示条件：动词ing形式作条件状语,相当于一个条件状语从句.
Being more careful,you can make fewer mistakes.
=If you are more careful,you can make fewer mistakes.
更细心点,你就会少犯错误