英语句子分析：Every winter we went to live in or near Philadelphia

整体是引导结果状语从句,后半句带有定语从句修饰第二引导结果
Every winter we went to live in or near Philadelphia 引导句
so that Father would not have to travel too far or stay in the city on the nights that he lectured at the University.结果从句
would not have to travel too far or stay in the city on the nights that he lectured at the University两个并列的引导结果
that he lectured at the University 修饰中心词 city 的定语从句

整体是引导结果状语从句，后半句带有定语从句修饰第二引导结果

Every winter we went to live in or near Philadelphia 引导句
so that Father would not have to travel too far or stay in the city on the nights that he lectured ...

so that连接两个句子充当连词，引导结果状语从句，在结果状语从句中that he lectured at the University是定语从句修饰先行词city，on the nights 是时间状语，主句中Every winter是时间状语
整个句子的翻译是：每个冬天我们都住在Philadelphia或者附近以便于爸爸不用不得不每天晚上走很远的路或者呆在那个他所演讲的大学所在的城市...