英语语法高手请进麻烦区别 “疑问代词+ever” 和 “no matter+疑问代词”他们之间的区别或者是他们在句中充当

疑问词 + ever”是近年来高考英语的一个考查热点,在各版本的中学英语教材中出现频率较高,而且是学生理解和掌握的一个难点.从不同角度论述这方面内容的文章很多,本文试图别辟蹊径,简单明了地归纳讲解这一问题.
“疑问词 + ever ”可分为两类,“疑问代词 + ever ”： whatever / whichever / whoever （宾格 whomever ）和“疑问副词 + ever ”： wherever / whenever / however.
不论是“疑问代词 + ever ”还是“疑问副词 + ever ”,其意义都是“不管 / 无论 + 该疑问词的本义”.
1. “疑问代词 + ever”可引导两种类型的从句,即让步状语从句和名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句）.
（1）引导让步状语从句.此时 whatever / whoever / whichever 分别等于“ no matter + what / who / which”.例如：
Whatever happened, he wouldn't say a word. = No matter what happened, he wouldn't say a word.
Whoever says so, it is wrong. = No matter who says so, it is wrong.
Whichever dictionary you （may） take, you will have to pay at least 20 dollars. = No matter which dictionary you （may） take, you will have to pay at least 20 dollars.
注意：这类从句中应用一般现在时表将来,从句中也常用情态动词 may / might .
（2）引导名词性从句.例如：
Whoever smokes here will be punished. （主语从句）
Beggars will eat whatever they are given. （宾语从句）
Whichever he likes will be given to him. （主语从句）
You may invite whoever / whomever you like. （常用 whoever 代替 whomever）
此时它们都不能换成“ no matter + 疑问词”的形式,但 whoever 等于 anyone who, whatever 等于 anything that.
2. “疑问副词 +ever ”： wherever / whenever / however 一般只能引导一种类型的从句,即让步状语从句,此时它们分别等于“ no matter + where / when / how ”.例如：
Wherever he goes （may go）. I'll follow him. = No matter where he goes （may go）,I'll follow him.
Whenever I wisited him, he was always busy working. = No matter when I visited him, he was always busy working.

不论是“疑问代词 + ever ”还是“疑问副词 + ever ”，其意义都是“不管 / 无论 + 该疑问词的本义”。
1. “疑问代词 + ever”可引导两种类型的从句，即让步状语从句和名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句)。
(1)引导让步状语从句。此时 whatever / whoever / whichever 分别等于“ no matter + what / who / ...

no matter+疑问代词只能用于让步状语从句 疑问代词+ever既可以引导让步状语从句也可以引导名词性从句
如：whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the light.