英语翻译Our method of analysis has been approved for the tunnel-
英语翻译
Our method of analysis has been approved for the tunnel-viaduct segment of the third transportation
beltway in the Lefortovo neighborhood of Moscow.Twenty-two buildings fell within the zone of influence
of the more than 2-km-long tunnel,which is being installed by the cut-and-cover method.Moreover,the
trench for the tunnel was enclosed in various sections by the "wall-in-the-ground" method utilizing trenching
facilities and intersecting cast-in-place piles,and also soil-cement piles.Anchors,struts formed frommetallic tubes,and reinforced-concrete spans from beneath which the soil was excavated were used to brace
the enclosing structures of the tunnel.The route of the tunnel traversed three types of soils (I - fill soil
underlain by dense sands; II - fill soil underlain by heavy clays; IIIa - fill soil underlain by loose sands;
and,IIIb - fill soil underlain by highly plastic clayey loams).Settlements were predicted in accordance with
the relationships that we derived,and the predicted settlements and their nonuniformity were compared with
limiting allowable values in order to predetermine the required volume of protective measures for the buildings.
Geodetic observations of building settlements were made during construction of the tunnel.The discrepancy
between the measured and computed settlements ranged from 7 to 34%.
Our method proposed for settlement analysis was also used in determining the preliminary volume of
protective measures required for the surrounding development in designing tenement buildings with underground
spaces at 17-19 Zhukov Street and at No.24-26 Afanas'ev Lane,as well as an underground parking
garage at the site of the Tversk Gateway in Moscow.
To determine the volume of protective measures required,for example,to install piles in the reinforcement
zone for the foundations of walls perpendicular to the trench,it was necessary to ascertain the
distribution pattern of deformations over the length of the building based on the distance from the trench.
For this purpose,we conducted a series of numerical experiments in the plane statement of the problem
using the elasto-plastic Coulomb-Mohr model in addition to the PLAXIS software package.
Plots of settlement distribution,which were obtained on the basis of numerical modeling for the
beds of buildings near 8-12-m-deep pits opened for two- and three-story underground spaces,for example,
parking garages,made it possible to derive empirical relationships between building settlements and the following
two parameters:L − the distance from the building to the trench,and r − the distance of a point
along the length of the building,at which the bed settlement is determined,for the geologic-engineering
conditions characteristic of Moscow [2].