英语阅读In recent years many companies of the world have been fa

英语阅读
In recent years many companies of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive.Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied.But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity?There is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the worker’s life more enjoyable,it does not actually make him work harder.As far as increasing productivity is concerned,variety is not an important factor.
Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true.The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machines which must be used in a fixed way.Thus while freedom of choice may be important,there is usually very little that can be done to create it.Another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making.In most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product.Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one,so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line.It would seem that not only is the degree of workers’ contribution an important factor,therefore,but it is also one we can do something about.
To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity?The workers themselves certainly think this is important.But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring.Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more.A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours.Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting,they will neither want more money,nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.
1、The passage is mainly about how to ____.
A、promote workers’ competition B、meet worker’s need for variety
C、ensure workers’ right of choice D、improve workers’ performance
2、According to the writer,variety enables a worker to _____.
A、derive more enjoyment from life
B、work in his own way more freely
C、fulfill his job requirements better
D、undertake greater responsibilities
3、We learn from the passage that freedom of choice _____.
A、can hardly function in a flexible manner
B、can hardly lead to increased productivity
C、is hardly seen as effective by companies
D、is hardly available in the modern factory
4、It can be inferred from the passage that,compared with large production lines,smaller ones
give workers ____.
A、a greater variety of interesting tasks B、a stronger sense of accomplishment
C、a better idea of the modern industry D、a clearer picture of essential factors
5、According to the writer,higher pay can _____.
A、make tiring work more interesting B、make up for longer working hours
C、help workers to live more happily D、help to create greater productivity