关于as,which引导的定语从句(英语专业人士请进,不要误人子弟）

恩,这样理解可以,个人觉得翻译成正如也可以,正如大量制造的东西,许多集成电路的装置包装粗糙.
在非限制定语从句中,which是”这“的意思,as是“正如”的意思
1. 引导限制性定语从句时,在such, as, the same后只能用as,其他情况用 which.如：
I never heard such stories as he tells. 我从未听过他讲那样的故事.
It’s the same story as I heard yesterday. 这故事跟我昨天听到的一样.
This is the photo which shows my house. 这张照片拍的是我的住宅.
2. 引导非限制性定语从句时,有时两者可互换.如：
I live a long way from work, as [which] you know. 我住得离工作单位很远,这你是知道的.
3. 但在,在以下情况引导非限制性定语从句时,两者不可换用.如：
① 当从句位于主句前面时,只用 as.如：
As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. 月球每月绕地球转一周,这是每个人都清楚的.
② as 引导的非限制性定语从句应与主句在意义上和谐一致,which无此限制：
He went abroad, as [which] was expected. 他出国了,这是大家预料到的.
He went abroad, which was unexpected. 他出国了,这让大家感到很意外.(不用as)
③ as 引导非限制性定语从句时,先行词通常不能是主句中某个具体的词,而应是整个句子、整个短语或某个短语推断出来的概念,而which 则无此限制.如：
The river, which flows through London, is called the Thames. 这条流经伦敦的河叫泰晤士河.(不用as)
④ 当as 引导非限制性定语从句作主语时,其谓语通常应是连系动词,而不宜是其他动词,而 which则无此限制：
She has married again, as [which] seemed natural. 她又结婚了,这似乎很自常.
She has married again, which delighted us. 她又结婚了,这使我们很高兴.