英语翻译对于转基因作物,放入或者删除基因的基因密码是什么?而这个基因密码翻译的蛋白质又是什么?这是我正在些的一个生物作业

Golden rice was designed to produce beta-carotene,a precursor of vitamin A,in the part of rice that people eat,the endosperm.The rice plant can naturally produce beta-carotene,which is a carotenoid pigment that occurs in the leaves and is involved in photosynthesis.However,the plant does not normally produce the pigment in the endosperm,since photosynthesis does not occur in the endosperm.
Golden rice was created by transforming rice with two beta-carotene biosynthesis genes:
1.psy (phytoene synthase) from daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus)
2.crtl from the soil bacterium Erwinia uredovora
The psy and crt1 genes were transformed into the rice nuclear genome and placed under the control of an endosperm-specific promoter,so they are only expressed in the endosperm.The exogenous lyc gene has a transit peptide sequence attached so it is targeted to the plastid,where geranylgeranyl diphosphate formation occurs.The bacterial crt1 gene was an important inclusion to complete the pathway,since it can catalyze multiple steps in the synthesis of carotenoids,while these steps require more than one enzyme in plants.[5] The end product of the engineered pathway is lycopene,but if the plant accumulated lycopene,the rice would be red.Recent analysis has shown the plant's endogenous enzymes process the lycopene to beta-carotene in the endosperm,giving the rice the distinctive yellow colour for which it is named.[6] The original golden rice was called SGR1,and under greenhouse conditions it produced 1.6 µg/g of carotenoids.