英语的几种句型.主谓宾什么的.有几种分别是什么?

红体字就是你需要的基本结构.其他的黑体字是详细讲解.供你参考!1. Subject (主语) ＋ Predicate (谓语) 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,这些动词常见的有：appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,等等.Birds fly. 鸟飞. He runs quickly． 他跑的很快. They listened carefully．他们听的很仔细.The students work very hard. 学生们学习很努力. She apologized (to me)again. 她再次向我道歉.The accident happened yesterday evening.事故是昨天晚上发生的.2. Subject (主语) ＋ Link. V(系动词) ＋ Predicative(表语) 这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类：（1）表示状态的系动词.这些词有：be（am/ is/ are）, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, stand, keep, remain, continue, stay,等等.如：She is a nurse. 她是个护士. He looks much older．他看起来比较老.He seems interested in the book． 他似乎对这本书有兴趣. The desk feels hard． 桌子很结实.The story sounds interesting． 这个故事听起来很有趣. The cake tastes nice． 蛋糕味道很棒.The flowers smell sweet and nice．花闻起来很甜美.We should remain modest at any time.我们在任何时候都应该保持谦虚.This kind of food tastes terrible.这种食物吃起来很糟糕.The picture looks more beautiful at a certain distance.这幅画在一定的距离看更漂亮一些.(2) 表示转变或结果的系动词.主要有:become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove等等.You are growing taller and taller. Autumn comes. Leaves on the trees turn yellow.He will become a teacher when he grows up． Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.Don't have the food. It has gone bad.不要吃那种食物,已经变质了. The facts proved true.事实证明是正确的.3. Subject(主语) ＋ Predicate (谓语) ＋ Object (宾语) 这种句型中的动词应为及物动词或者可以后接宾语的动词短语.同时,句子中有时含有与宾语有关的状语.作宾语的成分常是：名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句.I saw a film yesterday． 我昨天看了部电影. Have you read the story? 你读过这个故事吗?You can put the books in your bag.你可以把书放在书包里.Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.我们这里的农民种很多种蔬菜.She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage.她失去了在舞台上露面的机会.4. Subject(主语)＋Predicate (谓语)＋ Indirect object(间接宾语)＋Direct object (直接宾语)这种句型中作间接宾语的常常指“人”,直接宾语常常指“物”.常常称为“双宾语”He gave me a book. = He gave a book to me． He brought me a pen. = He brought a pen to me．He offered me his seat. = he offered his seat to me． Mother bought me a book. = Mother bought a book for me.He got me a chair. = He got a chair for me． Please do me a favor. = Please do a favor for me．间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有：allow, bring, deny, give, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, read, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等.间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有：bring, buy, catch, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play (演奏）,save, sing等.注意 要想区分出来Indirect object(间接宾语)和Direct object (直接宾语)非常简单.关键就是看谓语动词.谓语动词后面既然有两个宾语,那么我们就看哪一个宾语和谓语动词的联系更加紧密.直接由动词动作作用的那个就是直接宾语,作用不是很紧密的那个就是间接宾语.例如：Her father bought her a bicycle. 这句话里面,她爸爸给她买了辆自行车,谓语动词是“买”,后面的两个宾语分别是“她”和“自行车”.所以买的直接对象就是“自行车”,只不过是把自行车买给她而已.The old man is telling the children stories.在这句话中,老人正在给孩子们讲故事,谓语动词是“is telling”,那么讲的最直接的对象一定是故事,只不过是把故事讲给孩子们听而已.所以“故事”是直接宾语,“孩子们”是间接宾语.5.Subject(主语)＋Predicate (谓语)＋Object (宾语)＋Complement(补语) 这种句型中的宾语 ＋ 补语可统称为“复合宾语”.担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词等.They elected Helen captain. 他们选Helen当船长. We found him an honest person.我们发现他是一个诚实的人.They made the girl angry．他们让这个女孩生气. He painted the wall white. I found him