英语中的就近原则和就远原则都有哪些?要翻译.

就近原则：1.There be 句型 There is a book and some pencils on the desk.
=There are some pencils and a book on the desk.
2.neither...nor...Neither you nor he is right.= Neither he nor you are right.
3.either...or...Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday.
= Either Jim or they are going to shanghai next Saturday.
4.not only...but also...Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.
= Not only Ann's parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.
【主谓一致现象 】
有一类连接词,其后的谓语动词要与连接词前一部分的主语保持一致.此类连接词有with,along with,together with,as well as,besides,like,without,except (but),including等.例如：
Tracy,like many girls,loves dancing.特蕾西像很多女孩一样,喜欢跳舞.
All the students,including Tom,are leaving.所有的学生,包括汤姆都走了.
No one except (but) me knows about this news.除了我没有人知道
就远原则
代表词汇：as well as；（together/along）with；rather than；except；besides；but；including；in addition to；apart from
　　E.G：He rather than I is right.
　　Nobody but two students is in the classroom.
　　就远原则
　　①What he does or what he says does not concern me .他的行为或言谈都与我无关.
　　②Neither you nor I am wrong .你和我都没错.
　　③Not you but your father is to blame .不是你,而是你父亲该受责备.
　　④Not only you hut(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了,他也错了.

也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。