简单的说一下我的理解, reply 不及物动词,表示回答,答复 you are right ,he replied .直接用,后面不跟宾语. reply to 后面可以接宾语,you are right ,he replied to me.表示他答复我,也可以接letter之类的 answer to 表示……答案 如,the answer to the question answer for固定短语,表示对什么负责的意思,he will answer for the case .他将对这个案件负责.
reply是只经过考虑后的答复比answer要正式一些,answer是口语中一般的应答(如:开门,接电话,应徴等) would you answer the phone for me ? reply to表答复谁,答复问题等 please reply to my letter as soon as possible.