hold up和set back的区别

先了解基本用法,再做分析：
hold up
1.举起,抬起；使升高：
She held up her arm and wiped her tears off.
她抬起手擦去了眼角的泪.
She held up her hat to me,and I winked at her.
她向我抬了抬她的帽子,我则向她眨了眨眼.
2.展示；提出(作为榜样)(后与as连用)：
He's always holding up my father to scorn,which made me hate him.
他总是举出我父亲加以嘲笑,这使我十分厌恶他.
The teacher held up my composition as example to the class.
老师举出我的作文给全班作范文.
3.支撑,承受住；承担：
This old tree is held up by a post.这棵老树用一根柱子支撑着.
You will hold up the responsibility for all the serious consequences arising therefrom.
你要承担由此而产生的一切严重后果.
4.使停顿,阻挡：
The finals of the football was held up by a heavy storm.
由于一场凶猛的暴风雨,那场足球决赛被迫停赛了.
The train he took was held up for over 2 hours.他乘坐的火车晚点了两个多小时.
5.拦劫,抢劫：
The bank was held up last night.昨天夜里有人抢劫了这家银行.
6.使遭受,使蒙受；成为…的目标：
He's held up humiliation by a momentary slip.他因一念之差而蒙受屈辱.
He has now been held up to be pursued killing.他现在已成了追杀的目标.
7.证明属实：
The facts will hold up what I said.事实将证明我说的话属实.
8.延续；持续；维持：
The rain held up and there's no sign to clear up.
雨依然在下,而且没有放晴的迹象.
How long will you hold up on such a sum of money?靠这点儿钱你能维持多久?
9.保持平静,抑制；振作(精神)：
She did her best to hold up before her children.她在孩子面前尽最大努力保持平静.
10.(马匹)坚持站立着,不跌倒
11.延期,推迟(后与 on 连用)：
He held up on the plan of visiting Europe.
他推迟了访问欧洲的计划.
12.不同意,拒绝；保留：
She held up my offer and insisted on going herself.她拒绝了我的提议,坚持自己去.
13.[美国英语]向…索取高价：
You're holding me up,aren't you?
你在向我要高价,对不对?
hold up
n.
1.robbery at gunpoint
2.the act of delaying; inactivity resulting in something being put off until a later time
v.
1.be the physical support of; carry the weight of
2.hold up something as an example; hold up one's achievements for admiration
【3.cause to be slowed down or delayed 所需用法解释】
4.rob at gunpoint or by means of some other threat
5.continue to live; endure or last
6.resist or confront with resistance
7.resist or withstand wear,criticism,etc.
set back
1.使退；使受挫；推迟…的时间：
The meeting was set back.会议延期了.
2.把(钟、表)向回拨；把…向回调整：
to set the watch back a quater 把表拨回一刻钟
3.[口语]使花费：
My house set me back almost $300,000.
我花了将近三十万美元买下了这所房子.
4.【建筑业】使(建筑物)后缩：
the house set back some distance from the sea
远离大海的房子
set back ['setbæk]
n.
structure where a wall or building narrows abruptly
v.
【1.hold back to a later time 所需用法解释】
2.slow down the progress of; hinder
3.cost a certain amount
以上来源于:WordNet
学习英语词汇时,只看汉语意思有时很难区分其用法 .此时,最好参照英语解释,这样能看出其本质区别 ；同时,全面了解其用法和所给例句也很有助益.
set back 解释为【阻碍】,显然是由它的第一个义项演化来的.
用在“阻碍交通”的时候 应该用 hold up.【参见例句 hold up 4.使停顿,阻挡】

hold up

简单一点说：
hold up 主要是停止了当前的动作，着重停
set back 除了停的意思，更着重因为停受到了影响