英语中否定疑问句的用法

一般的否定疑问句是会出现否定词的,例如,don't,doesn't,didn't或者是nothing.
反意疑问句的用法如下,1) 陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用 aren't I.
I'm as tall as your sister,aren't I?
2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语.
I wish to have a word with you, may I?
3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义.
The Swede made no answer, did he / she?
Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?
4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语.
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语（didn't +主语）.
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语.
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
7) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语.
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语.
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定.
He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
11) 感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语.
What colours, aren't they?
What a smell, isn't it?
12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定.
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it.
Everything is ready, isn't it?
14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分有三种情况：
a. 并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定.
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b. 带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句.
I don't think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等,疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he.
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)
16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语.
We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语.
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will you.
Don't do that again, will you?
Go with me, will you / won't you ?
注意： Let's 开头的祈使句,后用shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?
18) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词.
There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
There will not be any trouble, will there?
19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式.
It is impossible, isn't it?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
20)must在表"推测"时,根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句.
He must be there now, isn't he?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?
快速记忆表
陈述部分的谓语 疑问部分
I aren't I
Wish may +主语
no,nothing,nobody,never,few, seldom, hardly,rarely, little等否定含义的词 肯定含义
ought to（肯定的） shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语
have to+v.(had to+v.) don't +主语(didn't +主语)
used to didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语
had better + v. hadn't you
would rather + v. wouldn't +主语
you'd like to + v. wouldn't +主语
must 根据实际情况而定
感叹句中 be +主语
Neither…nor, either…or 根据其实际逻辑意义而定
指示代词或不定代词everything,that,nothing,this 主语用it
并列复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
主从复合句 根据主句的谓语而定
think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引导 与宾语从句相对应的从句
everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no one 复数they, 单数he
情态动词dare或need need (dare ) +主语
dare, need 为实义动词 do +主语
省去主语的祈使句 will you?
Let's 开头的祈使句 Shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句 Will you?
there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词）
否定前缀不能视为否定词 仍用否定形式

简单的来说：开头必须是以 （助动词、情态动词、BE动词） 开头的否定词。
接着是 主语，在后面就是你想表达的英语成分正常排列。
一般否定疑问句是表示强调或怀疑等态度的句子。

1. 将be动词和not 缩写，放句首提问：Aren't you Tom? 你难道不是Tom？
2. 将情态动词和not 缩写，放句首提问：Can't you be quiet? 你难道就不能安静点？
3. 将do 和not 缩写，放句首提问：Lili has gone abroad. Don't you know? Lili 出国了，难道你不知道？
将does 和...

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