英语虚拟语气总结,归纳

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1.虚拟语气
① 虚拟条件句 （if）
A：条件与现在或将来的事实不符合：if +过去时, 主+would +V原
B：条件与过去事实不符合：if +过去完成时,主+ would have done
If we had enough money, we would buy a computer.
If he knew the facts, he could tell us what to do.
If you took more exercise, you might feel healthier.
If I were to ask, would you help me?
If I had left sooner, I’d have been on time.
If I had gotten up earlier this morning, I might not have been late.
If he had received the present, he should have thanked her.
②虚拟语气在从句中的使用 : 主+（should）+V原
主＋决定、打算、建议、要求、坚持+（should）+V原
urge/demand/command/order/ask/require/request/insist/intend/prefer/advise/
recommend/propose/ suggest
他们的名词之后+句子,这句子也要用同样的结构
requirement/ advice/proposal/demand/ decision/ request/ suggestion
eg: Her suggestion is that they (should) carry on their conversation in French.
it’s vital/ important/ essential/ appropriate/ strange/ advisable(明智的)/ desirable/necessary/natural… that +（should）+V原
It’s vital that we be present.
It is important that this mission not fail.
in case, lest, for fear that +（should）+V原
I put a coat over him in case that he should catch a cold.
It is a pity /a shame/no wonder that+should +V原
If only 引导的感叹句（要是.该多好啊）
If only I knew the answer!
If only I had seen the film yesterday!
would rather + 从句　动词用过去式或过去完成时
I would rather you told me the truth.
I would rather you had gone there last Sunday.
as if ( as though) 看起来　常用虚拟形式,即表示与现在事实相反,用过去式；与过去事实相反用过去完成式 (had done).
He speaks/ spoke as if he had known about it
He treats /treated the boy as if he were his own son.
even if ( even though)即使　
Even if he were here, he could not solve the problem.
2.Wish 的用法：
Ved(现在,将来) had done(过去) would V原(有可能实现但可能性较低的愿望）
I wish we had more money.
I wish that I had never met him.
I wish you wouldn’t smoke any more
it’s (high/about) time that + V过：
It’s high time that we went to bed.
would rather(sooner)+Ved(现在、将来)/ had done(过去)
I would rather you told me the truth.
I would rather he hadn’t told me about it.
as if/though+ Ved(现在、将来)/ had done(过去)
He acts as if he knew you.
You sat there as if nothing had happened.
时态：
一般过去时：过去某一时间发生的事
主+be/V 的过去式：He was young at the time.
Betty called me this morning.
现在完成时：对现在来说已经发生的事,没有过去时间： 主+have/has +V 过去分词
The rain has stopped.
完成进行时：从过去某时起一直持续的动作,也许刚停止,也许还在进行.主+have/has been doing
I have been waiting for you for an hour.
She’s been working all morning.
一般将来时：还未发生的事.主+will do
The concert will start in a minute.
将来完成时：在将来一个时间前已经完成的动作： 主+will have done
Call us after 8o’clock. We will have finished dinner by then.
过去完成时：在过去一个时间前已经完成的动作：
主+had done
When I got to the station the train had left
一般现在时:经常性,反复性的动作,现在的状态
主+be 或V(主语为单三V+s/es)
My father is retired now. He gets up early.
现在进行时:现在正在发生的动作 主+be +Ving
Turn off the radio. Jane is studying.
被动语态：
常用时态的被动语态
过去时 主+was/were+done
A new library was completed in June.
将来时 主+will be+done
A new library will be completed next June.
现在完成时 主+have/has been+done
A new library has been completed.
一般现在时 主+am/is/are+done
Housework is always done by housewives.
现在进行时 主+am/is/are being+done
A new library is being built.
情态动词的被动语态
Can/must/should/may/have to be done
能够、必须、应该、也许会、必须被做
Should/must/may have been done本应该被做而没有、一定已经被、也许已经被
His request may be refused.
I can’t find my wallet, it must/may be stolen.
Your homework should have been finished last week.
情态动词的用法
can/must/may/should/have to do/used to do sth.
能够、必须、也许/可以、应该、不得不、曾经做
Must/can’t/may have done 推测的用法
一定已经做了、不可能已经做了、也许已经做了
He must/can’t/may have arrived already.
should/shouldn’t/needn’t have done
本应该做而没做、本不该做而做了、本不需要做而做了.
You are right, I should have thought of that.
四 情态动词+ have done
could have done 本来可以- - -
might have done 本来可能 - - -
should / ought to have done 本来应该做 - - -
shouldn’t / ought not to have done 本不该做 - -
needn’t have done 本不必做 -
would have done 本来会去做----
倒装句
否定词在居首,部分倒装,如never, little, barely, hardly, scarcely, seldom, not until, not only
at no time, under no circumstance, by no means, in no case （决不）, in vain
Little did we know of this country’s abundance in natural resources.
Under no circumstances should a communist place his personal interest first.
Not only did he speak correctly, but he spoke more easily.
Hardly(scarcely)…when与No sooner…than 的句型
Hardly+ had sb done + when sb V过去时
Hardly had I got home when the telephone rang.
Only 放句首+adj/adv/介词短语
Only in this way can our honor be saved
步骤：首先快速浏览句子,先看英语不看汉语,从而判断划线处所填句子的时态,语态.
判断除了时态,语态外考察的语法（如虚拟语气）
判断考的固定搭配(不定式短语、分词短 语 ）,选用合适的动词连接.

英语四级考试语法总结就是高中英语语法。 其实没必要非要死抠语法 不如我那会儿都裸考呢550 可以看语法书 语法书归纳总结的很好