怎么分辨可数名词和不可数名词

一、可数名词有单数、复数之分,如：
map → maps onion → onions baker → bakers
不可数名词没有复数形式,只有单数形式.如：
some water a lot of bread
二、单数可数名词表示泛指时,前面要用不定冠词 a (an) ;而不可数名词不能用 a (an) .如：
Li Hong is a driver.I am a teacher.李红是一名司机,我是一名教师.
We can't see milk on the table.我们看不见桌上有牛奶.
[ 友情提醒 ] 在表示特指时,不可数名词和可数名词前都要用定冠词 the .如：
Pass me the ball,please.请把球传给我.
The chicken on the plate is yours.盘子里的鸡肉是你的.
三、可数名词表示复数意义时可用 many 等词修饰.如：
Many apples a lot of tomatoes a few pens
不可数名词则要用 much 、 a little 等词修饰.如：
Much meat a little bread little water
[ 友情提醒 ] 这两类名词都可以被 some 、 any 、 a lot of (lost of) 等修饰.如：some eggs/ paper (纸).
A lot of (lots of) knives / orange juice
四、可数名词前通常可用具体的数词来修饰.如：
Three women
Ten babies
不可数名词表示数量的多少时,必须与表示数量的名词连用,即“数词 + 表示数量的名词(可数名词) + of + 不可数名词”.如：
two glasses of milk 两杯牛奶
five pieces of bread 五片面包
五、可数名词作主语时,谓语动词的单、复数与主语的单、复数须保持一致.不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词只能用单数形式.如：
There is some rice in the bowl.碗里有些米饭.
All the students are in the classroom.所有的学生都在教室里.
[ 友情提醒 ] 如果不可数名词前有复数名词短语修饰时,谓语动词须用复数形式.如：
There are two bags of rice in the room.房间里有两袋子大米.
六、对可数名词的数量提问用 how many ;对不可数名词的数量提问要用 how much ,但对不可数名词前表示数量名词中的修饰语提问时要用 how many .
如：
I can see two pictures on the wall.→ How many pictures can you see on the wall?
There is a lot of pork in the basket.→ How much pork is there in the basket?
I want three glasses of water.→ How many glasses of water do you want?
七、另外,有些集合名词也是可数中词,但不同的是,它们以单数形式出现,表示复数概念,如 people,police,family 等;而有些可数名词本身就以复数形式出现,如 clothes,glasses (眼镜)等;有的可数名词单、复数形式相同,如 Japanese,sheep,Chinese 等.如：
The Chinese people are hardworking and brave.中国人民勤劳勇敢.
The sports clothes are new.这些运动服是新的.
I have one sheep.He has two sheep.我有一只羊,他有三只羊.
最常见的不可数名词有：advice,baggage,change(零钱),furniture,hair,homework,information,knowledge,luggage,money,news,progress,traffic
2、其它不可数名词还有：absence,age,anger,courage,energy,equipment,experience,failure,fear,food,fun,health,ice,industry,kindness,labour,luck,marriage,music,nature,paper,peace,pleasure,power,pride,rain,research,respect,safety,salt,sand,silence,sleep,strength,snow,technology,time,trade,transport,travel,trust,truth,waste,water,wealth,weather,wind,work(工作)