求英语翻译,急Interviewer: So how much do companies spend on R&D? T
求英语翻译,急
Interviewer: So how much do companies spend on R&D? That is, what sort
of R&D intensity rates do we see, for example, in a typical U.S.
manufacturing company?
Expert: Typical R&D expenditure might be around 3.5% of revenue—more
or less.
Interviewer: As little as that?
Expert: Yes. High-tech companies, like computer manufacturers, for example,
tend to spend more on R&D. Maybe around 7% of their revenue.
Interviewer: In which sectors do we find the bigger R&D spenders?
Expert: Well, these tend to be either high-tech companies or, especially,
pharmaceutical companies. To give you an example, the American
pharmaceutical giant Merck & Co. spends about 14% of revenue on R&D
while the Swiss firm Novartis invests about 15% each year. Some
telecommunications companies spend heavily on R&D. For example, the
Swedish company Ericsson spends 25% of revenue on R&D.
Interviewer: And who is top of the list?
Expert: The biggest spender is the American pharmaceutical company
Allergan. They spend an enormous amount on R&D—43% of revenue.