英语里的直接与间接宾语你们好,回答者们,我最近在学英语的直接宾语和间接宾语.所以,我想提出下面几个问题,1、直接宾语变间

【注意】直接引语中的时间状语根据实际情况转述为间接引语时,有时不需要改变.

直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整.
现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态.如：
1)She said. "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen
2)She said. "We hope so."→She said they hoped so.
3) She said. "He will go to see his friend."→She said he would go to see his friend.
但要注意在以下几种情况下.在直接引语变为间接引语时,时态一般不变化.
①直接引语是客观真理.
"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.
②直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变.如：
Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.
③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,变为间接引语时,时态不变.如：
Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980." →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.
④直接引语如果是一般现在时.表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作,变间接引语,时态不变.如：
He said, "I get up at six every morning." →He said he gets up at six every morning.
⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to, had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时,（例：could, should, would, might）不再变.如：
Peter said. "You had better come have today." →Peter said I had better go there that day.
如何变状语：
直接引语变间接引语,状语变化有其内在规津,时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday.变为 the day before）地点状语,尤其表示方向性的,或用指示代词修饰的状语,由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如：
He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his
4.5含有双宾语的动词在变为被动语态时,有以下三种情形：
一、有些双宾动词(如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell等)在变为被动语态时,既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语,而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语),也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语,而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for,与所搭配的动词有关).比较：
He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱.
→ She was given some money.
→Some money was given to him.
He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一快表.
→ A watch was bought for her.
→She was bought a watch.
二、有些双宾动词(如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write等)通常用直接宾语(指事物)作被动语态的主语,而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词to或for)：
Father made me a doll.
→ A doll was made for me.
He wrote her a letter.
→ A letter was written to her.
三、有些双宾动词(如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等)通常用间接宾语(指人)作被动语态的主语,而将直接宾语用作保留宾语：
He answered me that question.
→ I was answered that question by him.
直接引语间接引语的区别
直接引语：直接引述别人的话（句子中有“”）.
间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话,叫“间接引语”（句子中一般无“”）
二．直接引语变间接引语
A.一般不表示请求或祈使的句子改为一个宾语从句
1.连词
若直接引语引号里的内容是陈述句,那么改为间接时,要用连词 that (可以省略)
……………….一般疑问句,…….,要用连词 if/whether (不可以省略)
……………….特殊疑问句,…….,要用连词 wh- 即特殊疑问词本身（不可省）
2.变化
（1）主句动词的变化
一般说来,主句谓语动词常为said或said to,变为间接引语时,当直接引语是陈述句时,said不变.当直接引语是一般疑问句和特殊疑问句时,则要把said或said to变为asked / asked sb.
（2）从句人称的变化
由直接引语变间接引语时,从句的主语人称要遵循一主、二宾、三不变的原则.①直接引语的主语是第一人称变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致.②如果直接引语的主语是第二人称变为间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持一致.③如果直接引语的主语是第三人称变为间接引语时,人称不变.例如：
①They said, “We will go there by bus.” →They said they would go there by bus.
②She said to me, “Are you interested in science?” →She asked me if I was interested in science.
③His mother said to me, “He can't go to school.” →His mother told me that he couldn't go to school.
（3）、从句动词时态的变化
a. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时,从句的时态则应是与主句时态相应的过去时态.①一般现在时→一般过去时；②一般过去时→过去完成时；③现在进行时→过去进行时；④现在完成时→过去完成时；⑤过去完成时→过去完成时（不变）；⑥一般将来时→过去将来时.例如：
The girl said, “I'm sorry for being late for class.” →The girl said that she was sorry for being late for class.
b. 直接引语变为间接引语时,如果主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时,则间接引语从句的时态保持不变.例如：
He says, “I have finished my homework.” →He says that he has finished his homework.
She will say, “I'll do it tomorrow.” →She will say that she'll do it the next day.
c. 直接引语如果是客观事实或真理,变为间接引语时,从句时态不变.例如：
The teacher said, “The earth moves around the sun.” →The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.
（4）、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化
直接引语变为间接引语时,指示代词的变化为this→that, these→those等；时间状语的变化为now→then, today→that day, yesterday→the day before, tomorrow→the next day等；地点状语的变化为here→there；动词的变化为come→go（go 不要变come）.例如：
1. She said, “I will come this evening.” →She said that she would go that evening.
2. He said, “My sister was here three days ago, but she is not here now.” →He said that his sister had been there three days before, but she was not there then.
B.表示请求或祈使的句子改为句型tell/ask/order sb (not) to do sth
当直接引语引号里的内容表示要求时用tell sb (not) to do sth
当直接引语引号里的内容表示请求时用ask sb (not) to do sth
当直接引语引号里的内容表示强制要求时用order sb (not) to do sth