英语翻译HAZ for 12% Cr stainless steels have two visually distin

英语翻译
HAZ for 12% Cr stainless steels have two visually distinct zones,
the high-temperature HAZ (HTHAZ) and the low temperature HAZ
(LTHAZ) [14,15,32].The steel is heated close to the liquidus during
welding and transforms completely to delta ferrite and rapid grain
growth occurs.On cooling,the reversion to austenite occurs and
the HTHAZ frequently consists of coarse-grained delta ferrite,Figs.
4d–f and 5d–f with islands of martensite at the grain boundaries.
For the sample from both welds,lath martensite has also been observed
at the fused metal,Figs.4b and 5b.When the material temperature
reaches 1050 x02C within 1–2 s,no reversion to austenite
occurs and the delta ferrite structure maintains to room temperature.
However,material heated to the temperatures between Ac1
and Ac5 contains significant fractions of austenite which transforms
to martensite,results in a tougher finer-grained structure
[15,16],left parts of Figs.4f,5e and f.Depending on the austenitic
type of filler metals at the weld deposit,increased austenitic structure
has been observed for both welds,Figs.4c and 5c,compared to
root passes without filler metal,Figs.4b and 5b.The microstructural
and mechanical properties of the weld bead can be improved
by proper selection of filler metals by the addition of alloying elements
or the electromagnetic stirring,however properties of the
HAZ are mainly dependent on the base metal’s [51].This is confirmed
by the weld metal toughness data which are better than
those of HAZ for both welds in Fig.2.
The experimental data obtained from chemical analysis for the
all weld metal are given in Table 3.