高中英语语法题求详解(要有过程）谢谢了.

1)________ from Beijing to shanghai?
这个选B
B是问北京到上海多远
用How far开头的疑问句,语序是 how far is it from sp.to sp.
而如果要用A,语序要变成是 what a long way it is from sp.to sp!是感叹句
what a adj.n.it is !
how adj.a +n.it is !
2）They have invited us to visit their country._______ is very kind of them.
其实that is very kind of them 和it is very kind of them 都有出现,意思也差不多,都是说他们人很好,不过如果一定要从中选一个的话,一般还是习惯用it is very kind of them.
特别如果后面有to do sth.it is very kind of them to do sth.it这时候作形式主语,真正主语是 to do sth.
3）(1)The question being discussed_____ now at the meeting is very important.
这里是用分词作定语,说明是现在正在被讨论的问题,因为有个now 所以是"现在正在被讨论" 被讨论,be discussed
现在正在被讨论,being discussed
所以句子是The question which is being discussed now at the meeting is very .这是完整的定语从句来修饰
而这题目是直接用现在分词作定语 being discussed来修饰
(2)The question __B.discussed_____ at the meeting last week is very important.
这里相当于The question which was discussed_____ at the meeting last week is very important.
定语从句,上周被讨论的那个,
而这道题是直接用过去分词作后置定语,The question discussed at the meeting last week is very important.
其实这种直接用现在分词或者过去分词作为后置定语的,都可以转换成常规的定语从句,很多时候两种之间就是多了which is 这类的东西~
4）.(1)Do you know that John is getting on well with his studies?
get on with sth.与.相处
get on well with sth.与.相处融洽
这里John is getting on well with his studies
他跟学习相处得很好,就是学习处理得很好,已经是一个完整的句子了,不缺任何成分,所以用that引导一般已经完整的宾语从句
do you know sth.
sth.是宾语,这里是由that引导的宾语从句
(2)Do you know how John is getting on with his studies?
后面只说他与学习相处,但是没有说相处得怎样,因此是不完整的
john is getting on well/badly with his studies
可以是相处得好,或者差
所以现在要问他相处得怎样,怎样是How
do you know sth.
sth.由how引导的宾语从句充当
5.She goes to school every day except Sunday.
一般besides sth.表示除了有sth.外,还有其他的.
expect 表示除了,是排除之外的
也就是besides sth.(包括sth.在内,还有其他的)
expect sth.（把sth.排除掉,不包括）
beside sth.在.旁边
except 句子前后说的几样事物是同类型的
如 everyone goes to the zoo except Tom
Tom 和everyone 一样类型,都是人来的
而except for 前后是不同类型的东西
Your writing is good except for a few grammar mistakes.
前面说你的写作很好,就是除了点语法错误
前面是评价性的东西,后面是另一样东西,所以用except for
except that 和except when后面都是加从句的
It was a good hotel except that it was rather noisy.这家旅馆还不错,只可惜吵.
He usually goes to work by bicycle except when it rains.除了下雨的时候,他通常骑自行车去上班.
expect when it rains 的it rains 是主谓结构,最简单的句子就是主谓结构
who is here?---- I am.相当于 I am here.
另6.(1)I usually go to office by bicycle _except when____ it rains.
(2)Your room upstairs is comfortable to live in _except that______ the furniture in it looks older.
the furniture in it looks older.是一个句子,所以用except that引导
这几个词的区别可以看看这个~